MORPHOLOGY of FLOWERING PLANTS digital notes
Morphology(external appearance ) in flowering plant
Algae is called thalloid -- because it lacks true roots,stem and true leaves.
1)Radicle gives rise to roots.
Angiosperms - are the flowering plants,so basically we have to deal with them.
Most of the questions of this chapter will come from,after
theLeafso,basically from inflorescence
Morphology in flowering plants (external appearance )
Angiosperms - are the
flowering plants.
Algae is called thalloid -- because it lacks true roots,stem and true leaves.
1)Radicle gives rise to roots.
2)Plumule gives rise to shoot.
1)Tap root system(dicot)
2)fibrous root system(monocote)
3)adventitious root system
Root arises but not from radicle.
Eg. Banyan tree,monstera.
Adventitious root(examples)
1.Monstera
2.Grasses
3.Banyan tree (banyan tree roots on branch provides support ,and they are called prop roots.)
Some functions of roots
1.Absorbe water or minerals
2.Anchoragement power
3.PGR (plant growth regulator)
4.Storage
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TRICK-MEME CAP
M- Maturation
E-elongation
ME- meristematic activity
CAP- Root cap
1.Root cap - thimble like structure. Its basic
function is to protect the root and to make a way.
2.zone of meristematic activity which has lots of cells, which can
divide, protoplasm is dense size is small ,thin walled.
3.zone of elongation - provides length to the root.
4.upper part the zone of maturation-has root hairs help in
absorption of water.
Modification of Roots
#Modification of a root(How a particular root modifies itself for
performing different functions other than absorption of water and minerals
and their transport or conduction of water to higher parts or other.)
#If some roots are performing these basic functions they are not going to be called modified roots,because roots are made for this function.
#Modification of roots is said to be when there is change in shape and structure of the root and helps to do functions other than absorption and conduction.
#Three functions of modified root are:-
#If some roots are performing these basic functions they are not going to be called modified roots,because roots are made for this function.
#Modification of roots is said to be when there is change in shape and structure of the root and helps to do functions other than absorption and conduction.
#Three functions of modified root are:-
1.support root -
(trick)[SuMBa]
provides support(banyan tree{prop roots},sugar cane{stilt roots}).
2.storage roots
3.pneumatophores-in swampy areas (helps to get oxygen for respiration.) example- Rhizophora
Tricks to remember...
3.pneumatophores-in swampy areas (helps to get oxygen for respiration.) example- Rhizophora
Tricks to remember...
(not for you)Raizophora {(ahirpuora)}
The stem Structural aspect
1).ascending part of the axis
Arising from the plumule and growing in the upward direction.
2).nodes and internodes are present.
3).they are green when young and when matured they become hard thick and
woody And brown in colour.
Function
1.To spread out branches,leaves,buds,fruits and flowers.
2.conduction
3.food,support,protection In some plants it provides the mode of
propagation
Modification of stem -1
1.Underground stem
:-potato,ginger,turmeric,zaminkand,colocasia.They also act as an organ
of
perennation to tide over conditions unfavourable for growth.
2.Tendrils
: develops from axillary buds,slender and spirally coiled,helps plants
to
climb.examples:Gourds(cucumber,pumpkins,watermelon) and grapevines.
3.Thorn:axillary buds of stem get modified into woody straight and pointed
structure to protect plants from browsing animals.It is found in citrus
fruits and bougainvillea.
4.Flattened stem:in arid region stem get flattened,fleshy and cylindrical structure
containing chlorophyll.example:Opuntia
The leaf complete notes, there is pfd so,take screenshot of that image and
make your own pdf.
The Flower
Symmtery
When a plain is passed through the flower mirror images are formed.
Two types of symmtery are there
1)Asymmetric
2)Symmeteric:It is of two types.1)Actinomorphic 2)Zygomorphic
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